for example you know that a C Major is form by tonic, major third, and perfect fifth.
so C Major = C E G.
Now a C7 chord aka C dominant = you need a root, major third, perfect fifth, minor seventh
knowing the interval chart, also help u alot in finding the notes.
Root Note
Minor 2 - one half step up the root
major 2 - two half steps up the root
minor 3
major 3
perfect 4
Tritone aka aug 4/ dim 5
perfect 5
minor 6
major 6
minor 7
major 7
octave.
another way, is training your ear to recognize intervals.
so for example you ear this interval
E
B
G
D 5
A 3
E
You would know, that the sound belongs to a perfect fifth, you know you root "C" and what a perfect fifth up C, G!
The more deeper you unlock your ear, the more you will automaticly recognize "chords, intervals, scales" and their notes.
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